`Is yellow black or white?'

Black-White Pebbling is PSPACE-Complete

The complexity of the Black-White Pebbling Game has remained an open problem for 30 years. It was devised to capture the power of non-deterministic space bounded computation. Since then it has been continuously studied and applied to problems in diverse areas of computer science including VLSI design and more recently propositional proof complexity. In 1983, determining its complexity was rated...

Fall Risk is Not Black and White.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether previously reported racial differences in fall rates between White and Black/African American is explained by differences in health status and neighborhood characteristics. DESIGN Prospective cohort. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS The study included 550 White and 116 Black older adults in the Greater Boston area (mean age: 78 years; 36% men) who were Englis...

Ongoing controversies surrounding cardiac remodeling: is it black and white—or rather fifty shades of gray?

Cardiac remodeling describes the heart's multimodal response to a myriad of external or intrinsic stimuli and stressors most of which are probably only incompletely elucidated to date. Over many years the signaling molecules involved in these remodeling processes have been dichotomized according to a classic antagonistic view of black and white, i.e., attributed either a solely maladaptive or e...

Mass critical care ethics: black and white, or grey?

Sounding Black or White: priming identity and biracial speech

Research has shown that priming one's racial identity can alter a biracial individuals' social behavior, but can such priming also influence their speech? Language is often used as a marker of one's social group membership and studies have shown that social context can affect the style of language that a person chooses to use, but this work has yet to be extended to the biracial population. Aud...